What are some examples of lambda functions in C++?

What are some examples of lambda functions in C++?

Lambda functions in C++ are anonymous functions that can be defined in-line. For example:

1. Basic syntax:

   auto add = [](int a, int b) { return a + b; };
   std::cout << add(5, 3); // Outputs 8
   

2. Capturing variables:

   int x = 10;
   auto addX = [x](int a) { return a + x; };
   std::cout << addX(5); // Outputs 15
   

3. Using with STL algorithms:

   std::vector<int> vec = {1, 2, 3, 4};
   std::for_each(vec.begin(), vec.end(), [](int n) { std::cout << n << ' '; });
   // Outputs: 1 2 3 4
   

Would you like to see more examples or explanations?

Yes, can you explain how capturing works in lambda functions?

Sure! Capturing in lambda functions allows you to access variables from the surrounding scope. You can capture variables by value or by reference:

1. By Value: The variable's value is copied into the lambda. Changes to the variable outside the lambda won't affect the captured value.

   int x = 5;
   auto byValue = [x]() { return x + 10; };
   std::cout << byValue(); // Outputs 15
   

2. By Reference: The lambda captures the variable by reference, allowing it to modify the original variable.

   int y = 5;
   auto byRef = [&y]() { y += 10; };
   byRef();
   std::cout << y; // Outputs 15
   

Let me know if you need more details!

What are the advantages of using lambda functions?

Lambda functions offer several advantages:

1. Conciseness: They allow you to write short, inline functions without needing to define a separate function.
2. Readability: They can make code more readable by keeping related logic together.
3. Flexibility: You can easily pass them as arguments to algorithms or other functions.
4. Capturing Context: They can capture variables from their surrounding scope, making them powerful for callbacks.

Would you like to explore any specific use cases?