What are the key concepts of memory management in C++?

What are the key concepts of memory management in C++?

In C++, memory management involves allocation, deallocation, and the use of pointers. Key concepts include stack vs heap, dynamic memory allocation using new and delete, and smart pointers.

Can you explain the difference between stack and heap memory?

Stack memory is used for static memory allocation, where variables are automatically managed. Heap memory is used for dynamic allocation, allowing for more flexible memory usage but requiring manual management.

What are smart pointers and why should I use them?

Smart pointers, like std::unique_ptr and std::shared_ptr, help manage memory automatically, preventing memory leaks and dangling pointers by ensuring proper deallocation.

How do I avoid memory leaks in my C++ programs?

To avoid memory leaks, always pair new with delete, use smart pointers, and regularly check for unallocated memory using tools like Valgrind.