C++ Templates vs Macros: What's the Difference?

What are the main differences between C++ templates and macros?

C++ templates are type-safe and evaluated at compile time, while macros are preprocessor directives that are expanded before compilation.

Can you give me an example of when to use templates instead of macros?

Sure! Use templates for type-independent functions, like a generic swap function, while macros are better for simple code replacements.

Are there any performance implications when using templates over macros?

Yes, templates can lead to code bloat due to instantiation for each type, but they often provide better type safety and optimization.

What are some common pitfalls when using macros in C++?

Common pitfalls include lack of type safety, unexpected side effects, and difficulty in debugging, as macros don't respect scope.