What are the best practices for throwing exceptions in C++?

What are the best practices for throwing exceptions in C++?

When throwing exceptions in C++, it's important to use specific exception types, avoid throwing by value, and ensure proper resource management.

Can you explain why I should avoid throwing by value?

Throwing by value can lead to unnecessary copies of the exception object, which can be inefficient. Instead, throw by reference or pointer.

What types of exceptions should I create?

You should create specific exception types that derive from std::exception, allowing for better error handling and clarity.

How can I ensure proper resource management when throwing exceptions?

Use RAII (Resource Acquisition Is Initialization) principles to manage resources, ensuring they are released properly even when exceptions are thrown.

Are there any common pitfalls to avoid?

Yes, common pitfalls include not catching exceptions properly, failing to document exception behavior, and using exceptions for control flow.