What is callback hell and how can I avoid it?

What is callback hell and how can I avoid it?

Callback hell refers to the situation in JavaScript where multiple nested callbacks make code hard to read and maintain.

Can you give me an example of callback hell?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

function firstFunction(callback) {
    // some code
    callback();
}

firstFunction(function() {
    secondFunction(function() {
        thirdFunction(function() {
            // more code
        });
    });
});

How can I refactor this to avoid callback hell?

You can use Promises or async/await to flatten the structure. Here's how you can refactor it using Promises:

function firstFunction() {
    return new Promise((resolve) => {
        // some code
        resolve();
    });
}

firstFunction()
    .then(secondFunction)
    .then(thirdFunction);

What are the benefits of using async/await?

Async/await makes your code look synchronous, which improves readability and makes error handling easier.