What is a catalyst and how does it affect reaction mechanisms?

What is a catalyst and how does it affect reaction mechanisms?

A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed. It works by providing an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy.

Can you explain how catalysts change the reaction mechanism?

Certainly! Catalysts change the reaction mechanism by lowering the energy barrier for the reaction, allowing it to proceed through different intermediates or steps that are more favorable.

Are there different types of catalysts?

Yes, there are two main types of catalysts: homogeneous catalysts, which are in the same phase as the reactants, and heterogeneous catalysts, which are in a different phase.

Can you give an example of a common catalyst?

A common example of a catalyst is platinum, which is often used in catalytic converters in cars to speed up the conversion of harmful gases.

How do enzymes function as biological catalysts?

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up biochemical reactions by lowering the activation energy and providing a specific environment for the reaction to occur.