What are some common decorator patterns in programming?

What are some common decorator patterns in programming?

Common decorator patterns include the Function Decorator, Class Decorator, and Method Decorator. Each serves to enhance functionality.

Can you explain the Function Decorator with an example?

Sure! A Function Decorator is a function that takes another function and extends its behavior without modifying it. For example:

def my_decorator(func):
    def wrapper():
        print("Something is happening before the function is called.")
        func()
        print("Something is happening after the function is called.")
    return wrapper

@my_decorator
def say_hello():
    print("Hello!")

say_hello()  # This will show the additional behavior.

What about Class Decorators? How do they work?

Class Decorators are similar but are applied to classes. They can modify or enhance class behavior. For instance:

def my_class_decorator(cls):
    cls.new_attribute = 'New Attribute'
    return cls

@my_class_decorator
class MyClass:
    pass

print(MyClass.new_attribute)  # Outputs: New Attribute