How do BFS and DFS algorithms differ?

What are the main differences between BFS and DFS algorithms?

BFS (Breadth-First Search) explores all neighbors at the present depth before moving on to nodes at the next depth level, while DFS (Depth-First Search) explores as far as possible along a branch before backtracking.

Can you explain the use cases for each algorithm?

Sure! BFS is often used for finding the shortest path in unweighted graphs, while DFS is useful for tasks like topological sorting and solving puzzles with a single solution.

Which algorithm is more memory efficient?

DFS is generally more memory efficient than BFS because it stores only the nodes along the current path, while BFS stores all nodes at the current level.

Are there any scenarios where one is preferred over the other?

Yes, BFS is preferred for shortest path problems, while DFS is better for scenarios where you need to explore all possibilities, like in game trees.