How do binary trees and heaps differ from each other?

How do binary trees and heaps differ from each other?

Binary trees are a data structure where each node has at most two children, while heaps are a specialized tree-based structure that satisfies the heap property.

What is the heap property?

The heap property states that in a max heap, for any given node, the value of that node is greater than or equal to the values of its children. In a min heap, it's the opposite.

Can you give an example of where each would be used?

Sure! Binary trees are often used in binary search trees for efficient searching, while heaps are commonly used in priority queues.

Are there any performance differences between them?

Yes, binary trees can have O(log n) search time if balanced, while heaps have O(log n) for insertion and deletion but O(n) for searching.