How do Dalton's and Thomson's models of the atom differ?

How do Dalton's and Thomson's models of the atom differ?

Dalton's model proposed that atoms are indivisible and solid spheres, while Thomson's model introduced the idea of electrons embedded in a positively charged 'soup'.

What are the key features of Dalton's atomic model?

Dalton's atomic model includes the concepts that all matter is made of atoms, atoms of a given element are identical, and chemical reactions involve the rearrangement of atoms.

Can you explain Thomson's model in more detail?

Thomson's model, known as the 'plum pudding model', suggests that atoms consist of a positively charged medium with negatively charged electrons scattered throughout, like plums in a pudding.

Which model is more accurate according to modern science?

Modern science favors the quantum mechanical model of the atom, which incorporates aspects of both Dalton's and Thomson's models but provides a more accurate representation of atomic structure.

What experiments led to the development of these models?

Dalton's model was based on chemical reactions and gas laws, while Thomson's model was influenced by his cathode ray experiments, which demonstrated the existence of electrons.