How do Depth-First Search and Breadth-First Search differ?

Can you explain the differences between Depth-First Search and Breadth-First Search?

Sure! Depth-First Search (DFS) explores as far down a branch as possible before backtracking, while Breadth-First Search (BFS) explores all neighbors at the present depth prior to moving on to nodes at the next depth level.

What are the use cases for each algorithm?

DFS is often used in scenarios like puzzle solving and pathfinding, while BFS is great for finding the shortest path in unweighted graphs.

Which one is more memory efficient?

DFS is generally more memory efficient than BFS because it stores only the nodes along the current path, while BFS needs to store all nodes at the current level.

Are there any scenarios where one is preferred over the other?

Yes, if you need to find the shortest path in an unweighted graph, BFS is preferred. For deep searches, like in game trees, DFS is often better.