How do timestamp-based control and locking differ in databases?

How do timestamp-based control and locking differ in databases?

Timestamp-based control uses timestamps to manage concurrent transactions, while locking prevents access to data during a transaction.

Can you explain how each method handles deadlocks?

Timestamp-based control can avoid deadlocks by rolling back the oldest transaction, while locking may require deadlock detection and resolution.

Which method is more efficient in high-concurrency environments?

Timestamp-based control is generally more efficient in high-concurrency environments as it reduces waiting time compared to locking.

Are there any scenarios where locking is preferred?

Yes, locking can be preferred in scenarios requiring strict consistency and where transactions are short-lived.