What are the differences between various quantitative assays?

What are the differences between various quantitative assays?

Quantitative assays measure the amount of a substance in a sample. Common types include ELISA, PCR, and mass spectrometry. Each has its own sensitivity, specificity, and application.

Can you explain how ELISA works?

ELISA, or Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, uses antibodies to detect and quantify proteins. A sample is added to a plate coated with antibodies, and if the target protein is present, it binds to the antibodies. A secondary enzyme-linked antibody is then added, which produces a measurable signal.

What are the advantages of using PCR over ELISA?

PCR, or Polymerase Chain Reaction, is more sensitive than ELISA and can detect very low amounts of DNA. It's also faster for nucleic acid quantification, while ELISA is better for protein detection.

Are there any limitations to mass spectrometry?

Yes, mass spectrometry can be expensive and requires specialized equipment and training. It may also struggle with complex mixtures without prior separation.