What is the difference between the Composite Pattern and the Decorator Pattern?

What is the difference between the Composite Pattern and the Decorator Pattern?

The Composite Pattern allows you to compose objects into tree structures to represent part-whole hierarchies, while the Decorator Pattern adds new functionality to an object dynamically without altering its structure.

Can you give me an example of each pattern?

Sure! For the Composite Pattern, think of a graphic design application where shapes like circles and rectangles can be grouped into a composite shape. For the Decorator Pattern, consider a coffee shop where you can add milk, sugar, or whipped cream to a basic coffee order.

When should I use one pattern over the other?

Use the Composite Pattern when you need to treat individual objects and compositions uniformly. Use the Decorator Pattern when you want to add responsibilities to individual objects without affecting others.

Are there any drawbacks to using these patterns?

Yes, the Composite Pattern can lead to a design that is overly complex if not managed well, while the Decorator Pattern can result in a large number of small classes that can be hard to manage.