What are some concurrency models in different programming languages?

What are some concurrency models used in different programming languages?

Different programming languages implement concurrency in various ways. For example, Java uses threads and the Executor framework, while Python has the Global Interpreter Lock (GIL) affecting its threading model. Go, on the other hand, uses goroutines and channels for concurrency.

Can you explain how Go's goroutines work?

Goroutines are lightweight threads managed by the Go runtime. They allow you to run functions concurrently without the overhead of traditional threads. You can create a goroutine by simply using the go keyword before a function call.

What about JavaScript? How does it handle concurrency?

JavaScript uses an event-driven, non-blocking I/O model. It relies on the event loop and callbacks, along with Promises and async/await syntax to handle asynchronous operations, allowing it to manage concurrency effectively.

Are there any languages that use message passing for concurrency?

Yes, languages like Erlang and Elixir use message passing as a core concurrency model. In these languages, processes communicate by sending messages to each other, which helps avoid shared state and makes concurrent programming safer.