What are condition variables in Java?

What are condition variables in Java?

Condition variables in Java are used for thread synchronization, allowing threads to wait until a specific condition is met.

How do I use condition variables in my Java program?

You can use the wait(), notify(), and notifyAll() methods in conjunction with an object to manage thread communication.

Can you give me a code example?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

class SharedResource {
    private final Object lock = new Object();
    private boolean condition = false;

    public void waitForCondition() throws InterruptedException {
        synchronized (lock) {
            while (!condition) {
                lock.wait();
            }
            // Proceed when condition is true
        }
    }

    public void changeCondition() {
        synchronized (lock) {
            condition = true;
            lock.notifyAll();
        }
    }
}

What are the common pitfalls when using condition variables?

Common pitfalls include forgetting to release the lock, using notify() instead of notifyAll(), and not handling spurious wakeups.