What are the differences between std::optional and std::variant in C++17?

What are the differences between std::optional and std::variant in C++17?

std::optional is used to represent an optional value, while std::variant can hold one of several types. Would you like more details?

Can you give an example of when to use std::optional?

Sure! Use std::optional when a function might not return a value, like searching for an item that may not exist.

And when would std::variant be more appropriate?

Use std::variant when you need a variable that can hold multiple types, like a function that can return either an int or a string.

Are there any performance considerations between the two?

Yes, std::optional typically has less overhead than std::variant since it only needs to store one value, while std::variant needs to manage multiple types.