What are the differences between C++20 macros and templates?

What are the differences between C++20 macros and templates?

C++20 macros are preprocessor directives that perform text substitution, while templates are a compile-time feature that allows for type-safe generic programming.

Can you give me an example of when to use a macro instead of a template?

Sure! Use macros for simple constant definitions or conditional compilation, like defining a debug flag. Templates are better for type-safe operations.

What are the advantages of using templates over macros?

Templates provide type safety, better error checking, and can work with any data type, while macros can lead to hard-to-debug code.

Are there any performance differences between using macros and templates?

Generally, templates can lead to better optimized code since they are type-checked at compile time, while macros are expanded at preprocessing.

How do C++20 features improve the use of templates?

C++20 introduces concepts, which allow for more expressive template constraints, making templates easier to use and understand.