What is the difference between abstract and concrete classes in C++?

What is the difference between abstract and concrete classes in C++?

In C++, an abstract class cannot be instantiated and usually contains at least one pure virtual function, while a concrete class can be instantiated and provides implementations for all its methods.

Can you give me an example of each?

Sure! An abstract class could be Shape with a pure virtual function draw(). A concrete class could be Circle that inherits from Shape and implements the draw() method.

Why would I use an abstract class instead of a concrete class?

Abstract classes are useful for defining a common interface for a group of related classes, allowing for polymorphism and code reusability.

Are there any limitations to using abstract classes?

Yes, since abstract classes cannot be instantiated, you must create derived classes to use them, which can add complexity to your design.