How can I handle errors in modern C++?

How can I handle errors in modern C++?

In modern C++, you can use exceptions, error codes, or the Result type for error handling. What specific scenario are you dealing with?

I'm working on a file reading function. What’s the best way to handle file errors?

For file operations, using exceptions is common. You can throw an exception if the file fails to open, and catch it where you call the function.

Can you show me a code example?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>

void readFile(const std::string& filename) {
    std::ifstream file(filename);
    if (!file) {
        throw std::runtime_error("File not found: " + filename);
    }
    // Read file content...
}

This will throw an error if the file cannot be opened.

What about using std::optional instead of exceptions?

Using std::optional is a great alternative! It allows you to return a value or indicate failure without exceptions. Would you like to see an example?