What are the differences between using iterators and indexing in C++?

What are the differences between using iterators and indexing in C++?

In C++, iterators provide a way to traverse containers without exposing the underlying structure, while indexing directly accesses elements by their position. Iterators can work with different types of containers, making them more flexible.

Can you give me an example of when to use iterators?

Sure! If you're working with a std::vector and want to apply an operation to each element, using an iterator allows you to do this without worrying about the container's size or type.

What are the performance implications of using one over the other?

Generally, indexing is faster for random access in arrays or vectors, while iterators may introduce slight overhead. However, iterators can be more efficient in algorithms that require flexibility, like those used with STL algorithms.

Are there any situations where indexing is preferred?

Yes, if you need to access elements in a specific order or require random access, indexing is often simpler and more efficient.