How can I create custom exceptions in C++ and Java?

How can I create custom exceptions in C++ and Java?

In C++, you can create a custom exception by inheriting from the std::exception class. In Java, you can extend the Exception class.

Can you show me an example of a custom exception in C++?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

#include <iostream>
#include <exception>

class MyException : public std::exception {
public:
    const char* what() const noexcept override {
        return "This is a custom exception!";
    }
};

int main() {
    throw MyException();
}

What about in Java? How would that look?

In Java, it would look like this:

class MyException extends Exception {
    public MyException(String message) {
        super(message);
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws MyException {
        throw new MyException("This is a custom exception!");
    }
}

Are there any best practices for using custom exceptions?

Yes, it's best to use custom exceptions for specific error conditions, provide meaningful messages, and avoid using them for control flow.