How can I create custom exceptions in C++ and Java?

How can I create custom exceptions in C++ and Java?

In C++, you can create a custom exception by inheriting from the std::exception class. In Java, you can extend the Exception class. Would you like examples for both?

Yes, please provide examples for both languages.

Sure! In C++, you might have:

class MyException : public std::exception {
public:
    const char* what() const noexcept override {
        return "This is a custom exception!";
    }
};

And in Java:

class MyException extends Exception {
    public MyException(String message) {
        super(message);
    }
}

How do I throw and catch these exceptions?

In C++, you can throw it like this:

throw MyException();

And catch it using:

try {
    // code that may throw
} catch (const MyException& e) {
    std::cout << e.what();
}

In Java, you would do:

try {
    throw new MyException("Error occurred");
} catch (MyException e) {
    System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}