What are the differences between C++ macros and templates?

What are the differences between C++ macros and templates?

C++ macros are preprocessor directives that perform text substitution, while templates are a feature of C++ that allows functions and classes to operate with generic types.

Can you give me an example of a macro and a template?

Sure! A macro example is #define SQUARE(x) ((x) * (x)). A template example is template <typename T> T square(T x) { return x * x; }.

When should I use macros instead of templates?

Use macros for simple text substitutions or conditional compilation, but prefer templates for type safety and better code maintainability.

Are there any downsides to using macros?

Yes, macros can lead to code that is harder to debug and maintain due to lack of type checking and potential side effects.