What is C++ template metaprogramming?

What is C++ template metaprogramming?

C++ template metaprogramming is a technique that uses templates to perform computations at compile time, allowing for more efficient code.

Can you give me an example of template metaprogramming?

Sure! A common example is using templates to calculate factorials at compile time. Here's a simple implementation:

template<int N>
struct Factorial {
    static const int value = N * Factorial<N - 1>::value;
};

template<>
struct Factorial<0> {
    static const int value = 1;
};

int main() {
    int result = Factorial<5>::value; // result is 120
}

What are the benefits of using template metaprogramming?

The benefits include increased performance due to compile-time calculations, code reusability, and type safety. It can also lead to more generic and flexible code.

Are there any downsides to template metaprogramming?

Yes, it can lead to longer compile times and more complex error messages. Additionally, it may make the code harder to read and maintain.