What are advanced C++ templates and how can I use them?

What are advanced C++ templates and how can I use them?

Advanced C++ templates allow for more flexible and reusable code. They include features like template specialization, variadic templates, and concepts.

Can you explain template specialization with an example?

Sure! Template specialization allows you to define a specific implementation for a particular type. For example:

template <typename T>
class MyClass {
public:
    void display() { std::cout << "Generic version"; }
};

template <> 
class MyClass<int> {
public:
    void display() { std::cout << "Specialized version for int"; }
};

In this case, MyClass<int> has a different implementation than the generic version.

What are variadic templates and when should I use them?

Variadic templates allow you to create functions or classes that can take an arbitrary number of template parameters. They are useful for creating flexible interfaces, like in a logging function that can accept any number of arguments.

How do concepts improve template programming in C++?

Concepts provide a way to specify constraints on template parameters, making your code safer and easier to understand. They allow you to define what types are acceptable for a template, improving compile-time error messages.