What are the main criticisms of utilitarianism?

What are the main criticisms of utilitarianism?

Some main criticisms include its potential to justify immoral actions, the difficulty in measuring happiness, and its neglect of individual rights.

Can you explain how it justifies immoral actions?

Utilitarianism can justify immoral actions if they result in a greater overall happiness. For example, sacrificing one person to save many might be seen as acceptable.

What about the issue of measuring happiness?

Measuring happiness is subjective and varies from person to person, making it challenging to apply utilitarian principles consistently.

Are there any alternatives to utilitarianism?

Yes, alternatives include deontological ethics, which focuses on rules and duties, and virtue ethics, which emphasizes character and moral virtues.

How does utilitarianism handle individual rights?

Utilitarianism often overlooks individual rights if violating them leads to a greater overall good, which is a significant criticism.