What is database normalization and why is it important?

What is database normalization and why is it important?

Database normalization is the process of organizing data to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity. It's important because it helps ensure that the database is efficient and that data is stored logically.

Can you explain the different normal forms?

Sure! The main normal forms are: 1NF (First Normal Form), which eliminates duplicate columns; 2NF (Second Normal Form), which removes partial dependencies; and 3NF (Third Normal Form), which eliminates transitive dependencies.

What are some common pitfalls in normalization?

Common pitfalls include over-normalization, which can lead to complex queries, and under-normalization, which can cause data redundancy. It's important to find a balance.

How does normalization affect database performance?

Normalization can improve performance by reducing data redundancy, but it may also require more complex joins, which can slow down queries. It's a trade-off.

Can you give an example of a normalized database?

Certainly! For instance, in a normalized database for a library, you might have separate tables for books, authors, and borrowers, linked by foreign keys to maintain relationships without redundancy.