What is the difference between decorators and class decorators in Python?

What is the difference between decorators and class decorators in Python?

In Python, decorators are functions that modify the behavior of another function, while class decorators modify classes. Both use the '@' syntax.

Can you give me an example of a function decorator?

Sure! Here's a simple function decorator:

def my_decorator(func):
    def wrapper():
        print("Something is happening before the function is called.")
        func()
        print("Something is happening after the function is called.")
    return wrapper

@my_decorator
def say_hello():
    print("Hello!")

say_hello()  # This will show the messages before and after 'Hello!'

What about a class decorator?

A class decorator works similarly but is applied to a class. Here's an example:

def my_class_decorator(cls):
    cls.extra_attribute = 'Added by decorator'
    return cls

@my_class_decorator
class MyClass:
    pass

print(MyClass.extra_attribute)  # Outputs: Added by decorator

Are there any performance implications when using decorators?

Yes, using decorators can introduce some overhead, especially if they add significant functionality. It's important to consider this in performance-critical applications.