What are the differences between constraints and indexes in databases?

What are the differences between constraints and indexes in databases?

Constraints are rules that enforce data integrity, while indexes are used to speed up data retrieval.

Can you give me examples of each?

Sure! A primary key constraint ensures unique values in a column, while an index on that column improves search performance.

Are there any downsides to using indexes?

Yes, while indexes improve read performance, they can slow down write operations and consume additional storage.

How do I decide when to use a constraint or an index?

Use constraints when you need to enforce data rules, and use indexes when you need to optimize query performance.