What are the differences between lexical and syntax analysis?

What are the differences between lexical and syntax analysis?

Lexical analysis is the first phase of a compiler, where the source code is converted into tokens. Syntax analysis follows, checking the tokens against grammar rules.

Can you give me an example of lexical analysis?

Sure! In lexical analysis, the code int x = 10; would be broken down into tokens: int, x, =, 10, and ;.

And what about syntax analysis?

In syntax analysis, the parser checks if the sequence of tokens follows the correct syntax rules, like ensuring that int x = 10; is a valid declaration.

Why is it important to have both analyses?

Both analyses are crucial for compiling code correctly. Lexical analysis simplifies the input, while syntax analysis ensures the structure is valid.