What are the differences between mutex and semaphore in C++?

What are the differences between mutex and semaphore in C++?

Mutex and semaphore are both synchronization primitives used in C++. A mutex allows only one thread to access a resource at a time, while a semaphore can allow multiple threads to access a resource up to a specified limit.

Can you explain how a mutex works in C++?

Sure! A mutex (short for mutual exclusion) is used to protect shared resources from being accessed by multiple threads simultaneously. When a thread locks a mutex, other threads trying to lock it will be blocked until the mutex is unlocked.

What about semaphores? How do they differ in usage?

Semaphores maintain a count that represents the number of available resources. When a thread acquires a semaphore, the count decreases. If the count is zero, threads will wait until a resource is released, allowing for more flexible resource management compared to mutexes.

Are there any scenarios where one is preferred over the other?

Yes, mutexes are preferred when you need strict control over resource access, while semaphores are better for managing a pool of resources where multiple threads can work concurrently.