What are the different scope types in Python?

What are the different scope types in Python?

In Python, there are four main types of scope: local, enclosing, global, and built-in. Each defines the visibility of variables.

Can you explain local and global scope with examples?

Sure! Local scope refers to variables defined within a function, while global scope refers to variables defined outside any function. For example:

x = 10  # global scope

def my_function():
    y = 5  # local scope
    print(x + y)

my_function()  # Outputs: 15
print(y)  # Raises NameError

What about enclosing scope?

Enclosing scope refers to variables in the local scope of enclosing functions. For example:

def outer_function():
    z = 20  # enclosing scope
    def inner_function():
        print(z)
    inner_function()  # Outputs: 20
outer_function()

And built-in scope?

Built-in scope includes names that are pre-defined in Python, like print() and len(). These are always available.