What are the main psychological theories and how do they differ?

What are the main psychological theories and how do they differ?

There are several key psychological theories, including behaviorism, cognitive psychology, humanistic psychology, and psychoanalysis. Behaviorism focuses on observable behaviors, while cognitive psychology emphasizes mental processes. Humanistic psychology highlights personal growth and self-actualization, and psychoanalysis explores the unconscious mind.

Can you explain behaviorism in more detail?

Sure! Behaviorism is a theory that suggests all behaviors are learned through interaction with the environment. It emphasizes the role of reinforcement and punishment in shaping behavior. Key figures include B.F. Skinner and John Watson.

What about cognitive psychology?

Cognitive psychology studies mental processes such as perception, memory, and problem-solving. It focuses on how people understand, diagnose, and solve problems, and how they process information. Key theorists include Jean Piaget and Aaron Beck.

How does humanistic psychology differ from the others?

Humanistic psychology differs by focusing on individual potential and stresses the importance of growth and self-actualization. It views people as inherently good and emphasizes personal experiences and feelings.