Django ORM vs SQL Performance: Which is Better?

What are the performance differences between Django ORM and raw SQL?

Django ORM provides an abstraction layer that simplifies database interactions, but it can introduce overhead. Raw SQL, on the other hand, allows for optimized queries tailored to specific needs, often resulting in better performance.

Can you give examples of scenarios where raw SQL outperforms Django ORM?

Certainly! For complex queries involving multiple joins or aggregations, raw SQL can be more efficient. Additionally, when executing bulk operations, raw SQL can minimize the number of database hits.

Are there any trade-offs when using raw SQL instead of Django ORM?

Yes, using raw SQL can lead to less maintainable code and increased risk of SQL injection if not handled properly. Django ORM provides built-in protections and easier migrations.

How can I measure the performance of both approaches?

You can use Django's built-in query logging to analyze ORM performance and tools like EXPLAIN in SQL to understand raw query performance. Benchmarking with real data is also recommended.