What is eavesdropping in quantum key distribution?

What is eavesdropping in quantum key distribution?

Eavesdropping in quantum key distribution (QKD) refers to attempts by an unauthorized party to intercept or gain access to the quantum keys being exchanged between two parties.

How does QKD prevent eavesdropping?

QKD uses the principles of quantum mechanics, such as the no-cloning theorem and quantum entanglement, to detect eavesdropping. If an eavesdropper tries to measure the quantum states, it will disturb them, alerting the communicating parties.

What are some common eavesdropping techniques?

Common eavesdropping techniques include photon number splitting attacks, intercept-resend attacks, and man-in-the-middle attacks, each exploiting different vulnerabilities in the QKD process.

Can eavesdropping be completely eliminated in QKD?

While QKD significantly reduces the risk of eavesdropping, it cannot be completely eliminated. Continuous advancements in technology and security protocols are essential to mitigate potential threats.