What is the difference between encapsulation and abstraction in programming?

What is the difference between encapsulation and abstraction in programming?

Encapsulation is the bundling of data and methods that operate on that data within a single unit, like a class. Abstraction, on the other hand, is the concept of hiding complex implementation details and showing only the essential features of an object.

Can you give me an example of encapsulation?

Sure! In a class representing a bank account, the balance is encapsulated within the class. You can only access it through methods like deposit() and withdraw(), which control how the balance is modified.

And what about abstraction? Can you explain that with an example?

Absolutely! An example of abstraction is a remote control. You can operate your TV without knowing how it works internally. The remote provides a simple interface to perform actions like changing channels or adjusting volume, hiding the complex electronics inside.

Why are these concepts important in programming?

Both encapsulation and abstraction help in managing complexity in software development. They promote modularity, making code easier to understand, maintain, and reuse.