What is enzyme activation and why is it important?

What is enzyme activation and why is it important?

Enzyme activation refers to the process by which an enzyme is made active or more active. It's crucial because enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions, and their activity can significantly affect metabolic pathways.

How do enzymes get activated?

Enzymes can be activated through various mechanisms, such as the binding of cofactors, changes in pH, or phosphorylation. These changes can alter the enzyme's shape and enhance its activity.

Can you give an example of an enzyme that requires activation?

Sure! One example is the enzyme pepsin, which is activated from its inactive form, pepsinogen, in the acidic environment of the stomach.

What happens if enzymes are not activated properly?

If enzymes are not activated properly, it can lead to metabolic disorders, inefficient biochemical reactions, and various health issues.

Are there any diseases related to enzyme activation?

Yes, certain genetic disorders can affect enzyme activation, leading to conditions like phenylketonuria (PKU) where the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase is inactive.