What are the main ethical theories and principles?

What are the main ethical theories and principles?

The main ethical theories include utilitarianism, deontology, and virtue ethics. Utilitarianism focuses on the outcomes of actions, deontology emphasizes duties and rules, while virtue ethics centers on the character of the moral agent.

Can you explain utilitarianism in more detail?

Sure! Utilitarianism is the ethical theory that suggests the best action is the one that maximizes overall happiness or utility. It evaluates the consequences of actions to determine their moral worth.

What are some criticisms of utilitarianism?

Critics argue that utilitarianism can justify harmful actions if they result in greater overall happiness. It may also overlook individual rights and justice.

How does deontology differ from utilitarianism?

Deontology differs by focusing on the morality of actions themselves rather than their consequences. It asserts that some actions are morally required or forbidden, regardless of the outcomes.

Can you give an example of virtue ethics?

Certainly! An example of virtue ethics is the idea of a 'good person' who embodies virtues like honesty, courage, and compassion, and makes decisions based on these character traits rather than strict rules or outcomes.