What are class variables in programming?

Can you explain what class variables are in programming?

Sure! Class variables are shared among all instances of a class. They are defined within the class but outside any methods.

Can you give me an example of class variables in Python?

Absolutely! In Python, you can define a class variable like this:

class Dog:
    species = "Canis familiaris"  # Class variable

    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name  # Instance variable

Here, species is a class variable shared by all instances of Dog.

How do class variables differ from instance variables?

Class variables are shared across all instances, while instance variables are unique to each instance. For example, in the Dog class, species is a class variable, but name is an instance variable.