What is lexical scoping in Python?

What is lexical scoping in Python?

Lexical scoping refers to the visibility of variables in nested functions. In Python, a variable defined in an outer function is accessible in its inner functions.

Can you give me an example of lexical scoping?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

def outer_function():
    x = 'Hello'
    
def inner_function():
        print(x)
    inner_function()

In this case, inner_function can access x defined in outer_function.

What happens if I try to access a variable that isn't defined in the outer function?

If you try to access a variable that isn't defined in the outer function, Python will raise a NameError indicating that the variable is not defined.