What are some examples of using mutex and stdatomic in C++?

Can you explain what mutex and stdatomic are in C++?

Sure! A mutex is a synchronization primitive that protects shared data from being accessed by multiple threads simultaneously. stdatomic provides atomic operations for variables, ensuring that operations on them are completed without interruption.

Can you give me an example of how to use a mutex?

Absolutely! Here's a simple example:

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <mutex>

std::mutex mtx;
int shared_data = 0;

void increment() {
    mtx.lock();
    ++shared_data;
    mtx.unlock();
}

int main() {
    std::thread t1(increment);
    std::thread t2(increment);
    t1.join();
    t2.join();
    std::cout << "Shared data: " << shared_data << std::endl;
}

This code creates two threads that increment a shared variable safely using a mutex.

What about stdatomic? Can you show me an example?

Sure! Here's an example using stdatomic:

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <atomic>

std::atomic<int> shared_data(0);

void increment() {
    ++shared_data;
}

int main() {
    std::thread t1(increment);
    std::thread t2(increment);
    t1.join();
    t2.join();
    std::cout << "Shared data: " << shared_data.load() << std::endl;
}

In this example, we use std::atomic to safely increment the shared variable without needing a mutex.