What are some examples of polar and nonpolar molecules?
Polar molecules have a significant difference in electronegativity between atoms, while nonpolar molecules do not. Examples of polar molecules include water (H2O) and ammonia (NH3). Nonpolar examples include methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2).
Can you explain why water is polar?
Water is polar because of its bent shape and the difference in electronegativity between oxygen and hydrogen. This creates a partial negative charge near the oxygen atom and a partial positive charge near the hydrogen atoms.
What about carbon dioxide? Why is it nonpolar?
Carbon dioxide is nonpolar because it has a linear shape, and the dipoles from the two C=O bonds cancel each other out, resulting in no overall dipole moment.
Are there any other common polar molecules?
Yes, other common polar molecules include hydrochloric acid (HCl) and ethanol (C2H5OH). They also have significant electronegativity differences.
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