What are semaphores and monitors in programming?

Can you explain what semaphores and monitors are in programming?

Sure! Semaphores are synchronization tools that control access to shared resources by multiple processes. Monitors are higher-level constructs that provide a way to safely manage shared data.

How do semaphores differ from monitors?

Semaphores are more flexible and can be used for signaling between processes, while monitors provide a structured way to manage access to shared resources with built-in locking mechanisms.

Can you give me an example of how to use a semaphore?

Certainly! In a producer-consumer scenario, a semaphore can be used to limit the number of items in a buffer, ensuring that producers wait if the buffer is full and consumers wait if it's empty.

What programming languages support semaphores and monitors?

Most modern programming languages like Java, C, and Python support semaphores and monitors, often through libraries or built-in features.