What are some exceptions to the octet rule in chemistry?

What are some exceptions to the octet rule in chemistry?

Some exceptions to the octet rule include molecules like BF3, which has only six electrons around boron, and PCl5, which has ten.

Can you explain why these exceptions occur?

These exceptions occur due to factors like the presence of d-orbitals in larger atoms, allowing them to accommodate more than eight electrons.

Are there any other notable exceptions?

Yes, another notable exception is SF6, where sulfur can expand its octet to hold twelve electrons.

How do these exceptions affect chemical bonding?

These exceptions can lead to unique bonding properties and reactivity, influencing molecular geometry and stability.