What are some exceptions to common chemical rules?

What are some exceptions to common chemical rules?

Some exceptions include the octet rule, where elements like phosphorus and sulfur can expand their valence shell.

Can you explain the octet rule and its exceptions?

The octet rule states that atoms tend to bond in a way that gives them eight electrons in their valence shell. However, elements like boron and aluminum can be stable with fewer than eight electrons.

What about transition metals? Do they follow the octet rule?

Transition metals often do not strictly follow the octet rule due to their ability to use d-orbitals for bonding, leading to various oxidation states.

Are there any exceptions in organic chemistry?

Yes, in organic chemistry, compounds like benzene exhibit resonance, which allows them to have delocalized electrons, defying simple octet expectations.