How do I handle transactions in Go database migrations?

How do I handle transactions in Go database migrations?

To handle transactions in Go database migrations, you can use the database/sql package. Start a transaction using db.Begin(), then execute your migration commands, and finally commit or rollback the transaction based on success or failure.

Can you show me a code example for that?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

func migrate(db *sql.DB) error {
    tx, err := db.Begin()
    if err != nil {
        return err
    }
    
    // Execute migration commands
    _, err = tx.Exec("ALTER TABLE users ADD COLUMN age INT")
    if err != nil {
        tx.Rollback()
        return err
    }
    
    return tx.Commit()
}

What happens if the migration fails?

If the migration fails, you should call tx.Rollback() to revert any changes made during the transaction, ensuring your database remains consistent.

Is there a way to log migration errors?

Yes, you can log errors by wrapping your migration logic in a function that captures errors and logs them before rolling back the transaction.