What are Go string templates and how do I use them?

What are Go string templates and how do I use them?

Go string templates are a powerful way to generate text output by defining a template with placeholders. You can use the text/template package to create and execute templates.

Can you show me a simple example of a Go string template?

Sure! Here's a basic example:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "text/template"
    "os"
)

func main() {
    const templateString = "Hello, {{.Name}}!"
    t := template.Must(template.New("greeting").Parse(templateString))
    data := struct { Name string }{Name: "Alice"}
    t.Execute(os.Stdout, data)
}

This will output: Hello, Alice!.

What if I want to include multiple variables in the template?

You can define a struct with multiple fields. For example:

type Person struct {
    Name string
    Age  int
}

templateString := "{{.Name}} is {{.Age}} years old."

Then pass an instance of Person to the template.

Are there any built-in functions I can use in Go string templates?

Yes, Go string templates come with built-in functions like len, upper, and lower. You can use them directly in your templates.