What are goroutines and how do they relate to concurrency in Go?

What are goroutines and how do they relate to concurrency in Go?

Goroutines are lightweight threads managed by the Go runtime. They allow concurrent execution of functions, making it easier to handle multiple tasks simultaneously.

Can you explain how to create a goroutine?

To create a goroutine, simply use the go keyword followed by a function call. For example: go myFunction().

What is the difference between goroutines and traditional threads?

Goroutines are more lightweight than traditional threads, allowing thousands to run concurrently without significant overhead. They are managed by the Go runtime, which handles scheduling.

How do I synchronize goroutines?

You can synchronize goroutines using channels or the sync package, which provides tools like WaitGroups and Mutexes.

Are there any common pitfalls when using goroutines?

Yes, common pitfalls include race conditions, not properly synchronizing access to shared data, and leaking goroutines by not handling their lifecycle correctly.