How can I handle exceptions in a multi-threaded environment using mutex?

How can I handle exceptions in a multi-threaded environment using mutex?

To handle exceptions in a multi-threaded environment, you can use mutexes to ensure that only one thread accesses shared resources at a time. This prevents race conditions and allows you to manage exceptions more effectively.

Can you provide a code example of this?

Sure! Here's a simple example in C++:

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <mutex>

std::mutex mtx;

void threadFunction(int id) {
    try {
        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mtx);
        // Simulate some work that might throw an exception
        if (id == 2) throw std::runtime_error("Error in thread 2");
        std::cout << "Thread " << id << " is working." << std::endl;
    } catch (const std::exception &e) {
        std::cerr << "Caught exception: " << e.what() << std::endl;
    }
}

int main() {
    std::thread threads[3];
    for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
        threads[i] = std::thread(threadFunction, i);
    }
    for (auto &th : threads) {
        th.join();
    }
    return 0;
}

What happens if I don't use a mutex?

If you don't use a mutex, multiple threads may access shared resources simultaneously, leading to race conditions, data corruption, or unexpected behavior. This can make debugging very difficult.